Vegan and vegetarian lifestyle – climate, welfare, health

Published on 8 April 2024 at 19:28


It has become clear that non-meat diets are beneficial for health and the environment. As a vegetarian since 2013, I try to be as honest with the pros and cons as possible, avoiding confirmation bias. Friends, acquaintances and family have been vegetarians and vegans for decades already, and unfortunately, the urgence and evidence are only prominently publicly visible for the last five years or so. One of the other solutions for meat consumption is lab-grown meat – also known as in vitro or cultured meat. This is very much in favour of meat consumer's culinary wishes, the reduction of animal suffering, and reducing greenhouse gas emissions in the future, when technologies have improved.

A plant-based diet, or at least a non-meat diet, seems to correlate with health and climate (sustainability, biodiversity etc.) and the EU, US and WHO agenda in a sincere and thus ethical way. Nevertheless, information about long-term effects on health remains incomplete, as the WHO puts it.

Below you will find a rather long list of references to support this all. The counterevidence (discussion) in favour of meat consumption remains sincerely quite unconvincing. It seems that the most convincing information that emphasises the benefits of non-meat diets is published by a fairly large number of major scientific journals, universities and news platforms (e.g. Nature, United Nations, IPCC, University of Oxford, NEJM, Reuters, ETH Zürich) within the timespan of decades. Some references in this 'further reading' section may appear multiple times, but the goal is to show that different renowned media are talking about the same thing with importance. The necessity of showing the large body of consensus and evidence regarding climate change, sustainability, and animal welfare emerges from the observation of growing distrust in the scientific and governmental consensus and policies. In addition, the fact that several economies in the world are rapidly growing – simultaneously, ethical concerns about those economies are increasing – raises the importance for emphasisation. Global policy makers must realise that there are many problems to tackle in order for life on this planet to continue in a pleasant way. And there are economic benefits from it as well, which may be extra interesting. 

 

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Berke, A. (n.d.). The negative impact of vegetarian and vegan labels: Results from randomized controlled experiments. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. 
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Douglas, L. (December 02, 2023). How food and agriculture contribute to climate change. Reuters. 
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European Parliament (March 12, 2024). Reducing pollution from industry and large livestock farms
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Ghosh, P. (July 20, 2023). Eating less meat ‘like taking 8m cars off road’ BBC. 
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Govoni, C., D’Odorico, P., Pinotti, L., & Rulli, M. C. (2023). Preserving global land and water resources through the replacement of livestock feed crops with agricultural by-products. Nature Food, 4, 1047–1057. 
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Gunderson, R., Stuart, D., & Petersen, B. (2016). Factory farming: impacts and potential solutions. Cambridge University Press. 
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Harvard Health Publishing (April 12, 2014). Is a vegetarian or vegan diet for you? Harvard Medical School. 
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Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health (2019). Vegan diet can benefit both health and the environment. Harvard University.  
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Harvey, F. (September 22, 2020). EU's farm animals 'produce more emissions than cars and vans combined'. The Guardian.
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Harrington, B. (October 10, 2023). Can lab grown meat help solve the climate crisis? The Oxford Student. 
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Hassan, L. (December 07, 2022). Imperial launches new Sustainable Food and Drink Policy. Imperial College London. 
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H. Charles J. Godfray et al. (2018). Meat consumption, health, and the environment. Science, 361, 5324. 
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Herpich, C., Müller-Werdan, U., & Norman, K. (2022). Role of plant-based diets in promoting health and longevity. Maturitas, 165, 47-51. 
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Hong, T. K., Shin, D.-M., Choi, J., Do, J. T., Han, S. G. (2021). Current Issues and Technical Advances in Cultured Meat Production: A Review. Food Sci Anim Resour, 41(3), 355-372.

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Horizon Europe (September 28, 2023). Plant-based diets improve health and environment, says top EU scientific advisor. European Commission. 
https://projects.research-and-innovation.ec.europa.eu/en/horizon-magazine/plant-based-diets-improve-health-and-environment-says-top-eu-scientific-advisor 

 

Hubalek, S., Post, M. J., Moutsatsou, P. (2022). Towards resource-efficient and cost-efficient cultured meat. Current Opinion in Food Science, 47, 100885.
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Monahan, P. (19 April, 2016). Veganism could save the world, new study argues. Science.  
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